Ingredient
Caramel Color (Class IV)
What is Caramel Color (Class IV)?
Caramel Color (Class IV), also known as sulfite ammonia caramel, is one of the most commonly used food colorings. It is created by heating sugar with ammonium compounds and sulfites, resulting in a dark brown liquid or solid that imparts a rich color.
This coloring is used in products like colas and sauces to give them an appealing brown hue. However, there are health concerns as some studies have associated components found in its production, such as 4-MEI, with health risks in animal studies. Regulatory bodies have reviewed this and typically set limits on acceptable levels.
When you see Caramel Color (Class IV) on a label, it's important to know that while it enhances appearance, it doesn't add nutritional value. Its inclusion in a product might indicate a highly processed food.
Commonly found in: sodas, beers, bakery products, gravy mixes, sauces
What to watch
- A component called 4-MEI, found in this coloring, has raised concerns due to potential cancer risks in animal studies.
- High consumption of foods containing caramel color might increase exposure to potentially harmful chemicals.
Caramel color is approved for use, but the FDA monitors the levels of 4-MEI in food products.
Research has shown potential health risks, particularly with high consumption and 4-MEI exposure, yet the evidence is not definitive for humans.
Caramel Color (Class IV) is not derived from animal products and is generally considered vegan-friendly.
Sources: Overview of color additives · Assessment of 4-MEI exposure
Scout's take
Ammonia-sulfite process caramel coloring containing 4-methylimidazole (4-MEI), classified by California Proposition 65 as a known carcinogen and listed by IARC as Group 2B (possibly carcinogenic to humans). The Center for Science in the Public Interest petitioned the FDA to ban it; Coca-Cola voluntarily reduced 4-MEI levels in California to dodge warning labels but did not reformulate nationally.
More from Scout's analyses
Ammonia-sulfite process caramel coloring containing 4-methylimidazole (4-MEI), classified by California Proposition 65 as a known carcinogen and listed by IARC as Group 2B (possibly carcinogenic to humans). Identical to the regular Coke formulation.
from the analysis of Coca-Cola Original Taste (Yellow Cap, Kosher for Passover)Found in 2 products
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